At Angelo Mattalino, MD, in Scottsdale, AZ, we specialize in advanced sports medicine and orthopedic surgery, including the diagnosis and treatment of SLAP tears. If you’re an athlete, active adult, or someone experiencing persistent shoulder pain and instability, a SLAP repair may be the solution you need to restore strength and mobility.
Led by board-certified orthopedic surgeon Dr. Angelo Mattalino, our team offers personalized, evidence-based care to help patients recover from shoulder injuries and return to the activities they love. Whether your injury occurred during sports, exercise, or a fall, we provide expert diagnosis, state-of-the-art arthroscopic surgery, and comprehensive rehabilitation tailored to your lifestyle.
What Is a SLAP Tear?
A SLAP tear refers to a specific injury of the shoulder joint. SLAP stands for “Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior,” which describes the location of the tear in the top (superior) portion of the labrum, a ring of cartilage that surrounds the shoulder socket (glenoid).
This structure helps stabilize the shoulder and is closely associated with the biceps tendon. When torn, it can cause significant pain, reduced range of motion, clicking or popping sensations, and difficulty performing overhead or lifting movements.
What Are the Common Causes of SLAP Tears?
SLAP injuries often result from:
- Repetitive overhead motions (e.g., throwing a baseball, swimming, serving in tennis)
- Trauma or falls (e.g., falling on an outstretched arm)
- Sudden pulling or lifting (e.g., lifting a heavy object too quickly)
- Shoulder dislocation
- Degeneration with age or overuse
SLAP tears are common among athletes, especially baseball pitchers, tennis players, weightlifters, and swimmers, but can occur in anyone who puts stress on the shoulder joint.
What Are the Symptoms of a SLAP Tear?
Many patients initially mistake SLAP tears for general shoulder pain or rotator cuff injuries. However, SLAP tears have unique characteristics, such as:
- A deep, aching pain in the front or top of the shoulder
- Catching, popping, or grinding sensations with movement
- Weakness, especially with overhead lifting or throwing
- Difficulty sleeping on the affected side
- Reduced performance in sports or exercise
- Shoulder instability or a sensation of the joint “slipping”
If left untreated, a SLAP tear can worsen over time and increase your risk of further shoulder damage.
How Are SLAP Tears Diagnosed?
At our orthopedic clinic, Dr. Mattalino uses a thorough diagnostic approach to confirm a SLAP tear and determine its severity. Your evaluation may include:
- Physical examination: Range of motion tests, strength assessment, and provocative maneuvers
- Medical history: Reviewing symptoms, activity level, and past injuries
- Imaging tests:
- MRI with contrast (MR arthrogram) to visualize soft tissue damage
- X-rays to rule out fractures or arthritis
Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for determining the most effective treatment path, whether that involves conservative care or surgical repair.
SLAP repair is a minimally invasive arthroscopic procedure that reattaches the torn labrum to the shoulder socket using specialized anchors and sutures. The goal is to restore normal anatomy, relieve pain, and regain shoulder stability.
What Happens If a SLAP Tear Is Left Untreated?
A SLAP tear may start as a minor nuisance, but without proper diagnosis and treatment, it can develop into a more serious and chronic condition. Over time, the shoulder joint may become increasingly unstable, leading to worsening pain, reduced range of motion, and mechanical symptoms like catching or grinding. For athletes and active individuals, an untreated SLAP tear can significantly hinder performance and limit participation in sports or even daily overhead movements.
In some cases, the stress placed on the torn labrum may begin to affect the biceps tendon, leading to tendinitis, tearing, or degeneration that complicates future treatment. Chronic inflammation in the joint may also accelerate wear-and-tear arthritis, especially in middle-aged or older patients. Addressing the injury early with a trusted orthopedic surgeon like Dr. Mattalino helps preserve shoulder function and prevent long-term complications that are harder to treat.
SLAP Repair vs. Other Shoulder Surgeries
While SLAP repair is highly effective for treating labral tears involving the biceps anchor, it’s important to understand how it differs from other common shoulder procedures. Dr. Mattalino will evaluate your injury and recommend the most appropriate surgical option based on your age, activity level, and anatomical needs.
SLAP Repair vs. Rotator Cuff Repair
Rotator cuff repair focuses on torn tendons that surround the shoulder joint, while SLAP repair addresses damage to the labrum and biceps anchor. Both procedures are arthroscopic and may be performed together if a patient presents with multiple injuries. However, rotator cuff tears are more common in older adults and often cause pain with lifting or reaching. In contrast, SLAP tears more often affect throwing mechanics or overhead motion in athletes.
SLAP Repair vs. Bankart Repair
Bankart repair treats labral tears in the lower front (anterior) portion of the shoulder and is typically performed after shoulder dislocations. In contrast, SLAP repair treats tears at the top of the labrum and often involves the biceps tendon. While both procedures restore shoulder stability, Bankart repair is more often used for recurrent dislocators, especially in younger patients, while SLAP repair addresses issues like popping, instability, and pain during rotational or overhead movements.
SLAP Repair vs. Biceps Tenodesis
Biceps tenodesis is often used as an alternative to SLAP repair in older adults or patients with biceps degeneration. Instead of reattaching the labrum, the biceps tendon is released from the labrum and reattached to the upper arm bone to relieve tension and pain. Tenodesis may offer quicker recovery and less postoperative discomfort for some patients, but SLAP repair is generally preferred for younger athletes looking to preserve native anatomy and performance.
What Is SLAP Repair Surgery?
SLAP repair is a minimally invasive arthroscopic procedure that reattaches the torn labrum to the shoulder socket using specialized anchors and sutures. The goal is to restore normal anatomy, relieve pain, and regain shoulder stability.
Types of SLAP Lesions
There are several classifications of SLAP tears. Dr. Mattalino tailors surgical techniques to the specific type:
- Type I: Fraying of the labrum (usually treated conservatively)
- Type II: Detachment of the labrum and biceps tendon (most common and typically requires repair)
- Type III: Bucket-handle tear of the labrum
- Type IV: Tear extends into the biceps tendon
Type II and IV tears are the most likely to require surgical repair, particularly in younger or more active patients.
The SLAP Repair Procedure
SLAP repair is a minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery that can be performed on an outpatient basis. Using small incisions and a high-definition camera, Dr. Mattalino repairs the torn labrum with precision and minimal disruption to surrounding tissue.
What to Expect During Surgery
Arthroscopic Access
Small incisions are made to insert an arthroscope and surgical tools. This allows for clear visualization of the joint without the need for open surgery.
Tear Assessment
Dr. Mattalino examines the labrum, biceps tendon, and nearby structures to confirm the type and extent of the SLAP tear.
Tissue Preparation
The torn labrum and glenoid rim are cleaned and prepped to promote proper healing and secure reattachment.
Anchor Placement & Labrum Repair
Suture anchors are placed into the bone, and sutures are threaded through the labrum to reattach it securely.
Biceps Tendon Management (If Needed)
If the biceps tendon is involved, Dr. Mattalino may perform a tenodesis or tenotomy to relieve pain and restore function.
The procedure typically lasts between 60 and 90 minutes. Patients return home the same day, wearing a sling, and begin recovery with a customized rehabilitation plan.
Frequently Asked Questions About SLAP Repair
Is SLAP repair always necessary for a labral tear?
Not always. Many small or frayed labral tears, especially in older adults or those not involved in high-impact sports, can often be successfully treated with rest, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy. However, if the tear causes ongoing pain, instability, or limited shoulder function, surgery may be recommended to restore joint stability and function. SLAP repair is especially beneficial for younger, active individuals or athletes who rely on full shoulder mobility and strength.
Will I need physical therapy after surgery?
Yes, physical therapy is a vital part of the healing process after SLAP repair. Rehab typically begins within the first week or two after surgery, starting with gentle range-of-motion exercises and progressing to strength-building and sport-specific training over time. The goal is to restore flexibility, prevent stiffness, and gradually return the shoulder to full function. Adhering to the therapy plan significantly improves surgical outcomes and reduces the risk of reinjury.
How long will I need to wear a sling?
Most patients will need to wear a sling for approximately three to four weeks after surgery to protect the shoulder during the early stages of healing. During this time, movement is limited to avoid straining the repaired tissue. Your surgeon will provide specific guidance on when and how to begin moving your arm safely. Wearing the sling as instructed is important for minimizing complications and supporting proper recovery.
Can I drive after SLAP repair?
Driving is not recommended while wearing a sling or taking prescription pain medication. Most patients can resume driving within three to five weeks, depending on their level of pain, mobility, and ability to react quickly while driving. Your orthopedic surgeon will assess your progress and let you know when it’s safe to drive again. Never rush this step. Driving too soon could jeopardize your recovery or your safety.
Will SLAP repair affect my athletic performance?
With proper surgical technique and dedicated rehabilitation, most athletes return to their previous level of performance, and in many cases, even stronger. Full recovery typically takes four to six months, with sport-specific training integrated into the later stages of rehab. For athletes involved in throwing sports or those who participate in overhead sports, a gradual return-to-play program is essential to rebuild endurance and prevent setbacks. Working closely with your orthopedic surgeon and physical therapist ensures a safe and effective return to sport.
Why Choose Dr. Angelo Mattalino for SLAP Repair?
When it comes to specialized orthopedic care, experience and trust matter. For over 25 years, Dr. Angelo Mattalino has helped patients overcome shoulder injuries and return to peak performance, whether they’re professional athletes, high school competitors, or active individuals recovering from everyday wear and tear. His approach goes beyond surgical skill; it’s rooted in understanding each patient’s unique physical, mental, and emotional needs.
Dr. Mattalino is a trusted orthopedic consultant for professional sports teams, elite athletes, and performance organizations across Arizona and beyond. His reputation for delivering exceptional results with compassion and precision has made him a go-to expert in sports orthopedics throughout the Scottsdale and Phoenix communities.
Regain Shoulder Strength with Expert SLAP Repair in Scottsdale & Phoenix, AZ
At Angelo Mattalino, MD, we understand how debilitating shoulder pain can be, especially when it limits your ability to play sports, work, or enjoy everyday life. With decades of experience in sports medicine and orthopedic surgery, Dr. Angelo Mattalino offers precise SLAP repair techniques that restore shoulder stability, reduce pain, and help patients return to the activities they love. Whether you’re an athlete recovering from a throwing injury or an active adult experiencing chronic shoulder discomfort, we provide expert care tailored to your specific needs and goals.
Located in the heart of Scottsdale and serving patients throughout the greater Phoenix area, our clinic combines surgical expertise with advanced rehabilitation strategies to deliver lasting results. From your first consultation through postoperative recovery, our team is committed to helping you heal with confidence, clarity, and compassion.
If you’re ready to get back in the game, or simply back to pain-free movement, contact us today to schedule your personalized SLAP repair consultation.
